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A Solar PV (photovoltaic) system is a technology that harnesses sunlight and converts it into electricity using solar panels. This renewable energy solution has gained immense popularity worldwide due to its environmental benefits and cost-effectiveness. The key components of a Solar PV system include solar panels, inverters, mounting structures, and electrical components.
Solar Panels: Solar panels are the heart of a PV system. They consist of multiple solar cells made of semiconductor materials, usually silicon. When sunlight strikes the solar cells, it excites electrons, creating a flow of electricity known as a direct current (DC). Solar panels are typically installed on rooftops or in open areas with good sun exposure to maximize energy generation.
Inverters: The DC electricity produced by solar panels needs to be converted into alternating current (AC) to power electrical appliances in homes and businesses. Inverters are responsible for this conversion. They also ensure the PV system operates efficiently by tracking the maximum power point and adjusting the voltage and current levels as needed.
Mounting Structures: Solar panels need to be securely mounted on rooftops or open spaces to capture sunlight effectively. Mounting structures provide the necessary support and angle adjustments for optimal solar panel placement. Various mounting options are available, including fixed-tilt, adjustable-tilt, and tracking systems that follow the sun’s movement throughout the day.
Electrical Components: Electrical wiring, junction boxes, and protection devices are essential elements of a Solar PV system. These components ensure safe and efficient energy transmission from the solar panels to the inverter and, ultimately, to the electrical loads.
